MySQL 下载、安装

安装镜像源

	CentOS 7	CentOS 8
MySQL 5.7	yum -y install http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7.rpm	官方未提供，可尝试其他版本
MySQL 8.0	yum -y install http://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el7.rpm	yum -y install http://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el8.rpm

查看已安装的源

shell

ll /etc/yum.repos.d/

shell

[root@192 ~]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
total 48
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1664 Oct 23  2020 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1309 Oct 23  2020 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  649 Oct 23  2020 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  314 Oct 23  2020 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  630 Oct 23  2020 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1331 Oct 23  2020 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8515 Oct 23  2020 CentOS-Vault.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  616 Oct 23  2020 CentOS-x86_64-kernel.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1838 Apr 27  2017 mysql-community.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1885 Apr 27  2017 mysql-community-source.repo
[root@192 ~]#

搜索MySQL版本

shell

yum --showduplicates list mysql-community-server --nogpgcheck
# 其中 --nogpgcheck 是不验证gpg签名。根据需要选择

shell

[root@192 ~]# yum --showduplicates list mysql-community-server --nogpgcheck
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
base                                                                                                                                         | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                                                       | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
mysql-connectors-community                                                                                                                   | 2.6 kB  00:00:00     
mysql-tools-community                                                                                                                        | 2.6 kB  00:00:00     
mysql57-community                                                                                                                            | 2.6 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                                                      | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/7): base/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                              | 6.1 MB  00:00:00     
(2/7): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                                                                                                                | 153 kB  00:00:00     
(3/7): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                               |  91 kB  00:00:01     
(4/7): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                            | 249 kB  00:00:01     
(5/7): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                           |  19 MB  00:00:00     
(6/7): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                          |  96 kB  00:00:01     
(7/7): mysql57-community/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                   | 331 kB  00:00:02     
Available Packages
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.9-1.el7                                                      mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.10-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.11-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.12-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.13-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.14-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.15-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.16-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.17-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.18-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.19-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.20-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.21-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.22-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.23-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.24-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.25-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.26-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.27-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.28-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.29-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.30-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.31-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.32-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.33-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.34-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.35-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.36-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.37-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.38-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.39-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.40-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64                                                     5.7.41-1.el7                                                     mysql57-community
[root@192 ~]#

安装

安装指定版本，如：5.7.35-1.el7

shell

yum -y install mysql-community-server-5.7.35-1.el7 --nogpgcheck
# 其中 --nogpgcheck 是不验证gpg签名。根据需要选择

安装最新版（根据已安装的源进行选择）

shell

yum -y install mysql-community-server --nogpgcheck
# 其中 --nogpgcheck 是不验证gpg签名。根据需要选择

启动
shell
```
systemctl start mysqld
```
开启开机自启
shell
```
systemctl enable mysqld
```

查看临时密码（仅本地连接）

shell

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

shell

[root@192 ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2023-03-08T13:44:54.413365Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: J)p2oBnpm=fk
[root@192 ~]#

连接

shell

mysql -u root -p

shell

[root@192 ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.35

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

修改密码强度

MySQL 5.7

shell

set global validate_password_policy=0;
set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=0;
set global validate_password_number_count=0;
set global validate_password_special_char_count=0;
set global validate_password_length=4;

shell

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_number_count=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_special_char_count=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_length=4;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>

MySQL 8.0

shell

set global validate_password.policy=0;
set global validate_password.mixed_case_count=0;
set global validate_password.number_count=0;
set global validate_password.special_char_count=0;
set global validate_password.length=4;

修改密码

shell

# 首次登录需要修改密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';

授权远程连接

shell

RENAME USER `root`@`localhost` TO `root`@`%`;

开放端口

shell

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
firewall-cmd --list-all

MySQL 下载、安装 ​

MySQL 下载、安装